英雄联盟比赛投注 中考化学基础知识（下） Basic Knowledge of Chemistry for the Senior High School Entrance Examination (Volume 2)

中考化学基础知识（下）

Basic Knowledge of Chemistry for the Senior High School Entrance Examination (Volume 2)

李宏 湖北省十堰市郧阳中学

Li Hong Yunyang High School， Shiyan City， Hubei Province

六、燃烧与燃料[初中化学知识点]

Combustion and Fuel [Junior High School Chemistry Knowledge Points]

1. 燃烧的条件与灭火原理

Conditions for Combustion and Principles of Fire Extinguishing

条件：可燃物、氧气、温度达到着火点。

Conditions: Combustible material， oxygen (or air)， temperature reaching the ignition point.

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灭火原理：消除可燃物、隔绝氧气、降温到着火点以下。

Fire extinguishing principles: Remove the fuel， isolate from oxygen， cool below the ignition point.

2. 燃料与能量

Fuels and Energy

三大化石燃料：煤、石油、天然气。

Three major fossil fuels: Coal， petroleum， natural gas.

绿色能源：沼气、乙醇。

Green energy: Biogas， ethanol.

新能源：氢能源、太阳能等。

New energy sources: Hydrogen energy， solar energy， etc.

七、金属材料[初中化学知识点]

Metal Materials [Junior High School Chemistry Knowledge Points]

1. 金属的物理性质

Physical Properties of Metals

常温下固态，有金属光泽，英雄联盟比赛投注良好导热导电性。

Solid at room temperature，开云体育官方网站 metallic luster， good thermal and electrical conductivity.

2. 金属的化学性质

Chemical Properties of Metals

与氧气反应、与酸反应、与盐溶液反应。

Reaction with oxygen， reaction with acids， reaction with salt solutions.

3. 金属资源的保护与利用

Protection and Utilization of Metal Resources

防止金属腐蚀、回收利用废旧金属、合理开采矿物。

Prevent metal corrosion， recycle waste metals， mine minerals rationally.

八、溶液与溶解度[初中化学知识点]

Solutions and Solubility [Junior High School Chemistry Knowledge Points]

1. 溶液的形成

Formation of Solutions

溶液的概念、基本特征。

Concept and basic characteristics of a solution.

溶质和溶剂的判断。

Identifying the solute and solvent.

饱和溶液与不饱和溶液的转化。

Interconversion of saturated and unsaturated solutions.

2. 溶解度

Solubility

固体溶解度的定义及影响因素。

Definition of solid solubility and influencing factors.

溶解度曲线。

Solubility curves.

气体的溶解度及其影响因素。

Gas solubility and its influencing factors.

3. 溶质的质量分数

计算公式及配制方法。

Mass Fraction of Solute

Calculation formula and preparation methods.

九、酸碱盐与氧化物[初中化学知识点]

Acids， Bases， Salts， and Oxides [Junior High School Chemistry Knowledge Points]

1. 酸的通性

General Properties of Acids

与酸碱指示剂反应、与金属反应、与金属氧化物反应等。

Reaction with acid-base indicators， reaction with metals， reaction with metal oxides， etc.

2. 碱的通性

General Properties of Bases

与酸碱指示剂反应、与非金属氧化物反应、与酸反应等。

Reaction with acid-base indicators， reaction with non-metal oxides， reaction with acids， etc.

3. 盐的性质

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Properties of Salts

与金属反应、与酸反应、与碱反应、与盐反应。

Reaction with metals， reaction with acids， reaction with bases， reaction with other salts.

4. 氧化物的性质

Properties of Oxides

碱性氧化物与酸性氧化物的定义及性质。

Definition and properties of basic oxides and acidic oxides.

十、化学方程式与反应类型[初中化学知识点]

Chemical Equations and Reaction Types [Junior High School Chemistry Knowledge Points]

1. 质量守恒定律

Law of Conservation of Mass

内容及微观解释。

Content and microscopic explanation.

2. 化学方程式的书写与含义

Writing and Meaning of Chemical Equations

遵循原则、书写方法、含义。

Principles to follow， writing methods， meanings.

3. 反应类型

Reaction Types

化合反应、分解反应、置换反应、复分解反应。

Combination (Synthesis) reaction， Decomposition reaction， Displacement (Single replacement) reaction， Double decomposition (Double displacement/Double replacement) reaction.

Explorer of Innovative Thinking

Author: Li Hong

Yunyang High School， Shiyan City， Hubei Province

February 1， 2026

发布于：湖北省